Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences

Testing the ability of water hyacinth for wastewater treatment and methane biogas production

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Ahmed Hasoon Ali 1
Faiza E. Gharib 2
Ihsan Alauldden Merawy 3
Helen N. Onyeaka 4
Zainab T. Al-Sharify 4, 5, 6

1 Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq.

2 Nursing College, Al-Esraa University College, Iraq.

3 The Ministry of Oil, Karbala Refinery, Iraq.

4 School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

5 Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Al-Mustansiriya, P.O. Box 14150, Baghdad, Iraq

6 Pharmacy Department, Al Hikma University, Baghdad, Iraq

10.30772/qjes.2024.148690.1196
Abstract
This study aims to assess the potential of water hyacinth (WH) in treating wastewater and its viability for co-digestion with municipal solid waste to achieve zero waste treatment by generating methane biogas. A batch flow reactor treated wastewater, evaluating nine parameters (NO3, PO4, BOD5, Turbidity, Chromium, Cadmium, Lead, Calcium, and Magnesium). The highest removal efficiencies were observed for NO3 (94.13%), PO4 (75.85%), BOD5 (100%), Turbidity (93.86%), Chromium (94.3%), Cadmium (94.93%), Lead (91.33%), Calcium (41.42%), and Magnesium (43.13%). The pH ranged from 7.82 to 7.44. Methane biogas production was examined using anaerobic digesters with varying ratios of carbon-based waste and WH, along with pH, temperature, and total solid content variations. The optimal methane biogas production ratio was found to be 1:3 for WH and solid waste at 35°C, 10% total solids, and a pH of 7.5, resulting in the highest cumulative methane generation of 1039.80 mL/gm vs. The Gompertz model accurately described methane biogas generation with a yield of 1083.088 mL/gm vs., supported by a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.999. The kinetics of the biodegradation process were evaluated using a first-order kinetic model. The negative value of k (-0.2364) suggests a rapid solid waste biodegradation, with a high correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9971. Numerous correlations were employed to enhance the production of methane, yielding a correlation coefficient of 91.36%.

Keywords

Multiple correlations
The cumulative methane biogas
Water hyacinth
Wastewater treatment
Anaerobic digesters
Solid waste
Modified Gompertz equation
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Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences
Volume 17, Issue 3
Summer 2024
Pages 282-292

  • Receive Date 09 April 2024
  • Revise Date 11 July 2024
  • Accept Date 12 July 2024

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